Spain is a country located in Southwestern Europe, primarily occupying the Iberian Peninsula. It is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea, to the north and northeast by France and Andorra, and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean, respectively. Spain is known for its rich cultural heritage, diverse landscapes, and historical significance. It has a parliamentary constitutional monarchy and is home to a variety of languages, with Spanish (Castilian) being the official language.
The country has a distinctive array of regional identities, each with its own traditions, customs, and languages, such as Catalan, Basque, and Galician. Spain’s climate varies from the temperate north to the warmer southern regions, influencing its agricultural practices and lifestyles. The nation has made significant contributions to art, literature, and architecture, evidenced by renowned figures like Pablo Picasso, Miguel de Cervantes, and Antoni Gaudí. Spanish cuisine, characterized by dishes such as paella, tapas, and churros, reflects its regional diversity. Spain is also known for its festivals and events, such as La Tomatina and Semana Santa. With a population of approximately 47 million people, Spain is a member of the European Union and plays an important role in international politics, economics, and culture.